Packing-ring.



H. KISTNER.

- PACKING RING.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28. I918.

1,390,693 Patented Apr. 15,1919.

ii-Iii 111W ATTORNEY PACKING-RING.

' ace-e23.

Application filed May 28, 1918.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMAN Krs'rxnn, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Packing-Rings, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the numerals of reference marked thereon, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to packing rings and more especially to metallic spring packing rings for "pistons of steam or internal combustion engines, pumps and the like.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a packing ring for this purpose, the structure of which is so simplified as to render the same positive and effective in operation, durable in use, simple and inexpensive in construction, thereby reducing the cost of manufacture to a minimum.

A further obj ectof my invention is to provide a packin ring, which will maintain at all times a tig t, but resilient fit between the piston and the wall of the cylinder without giving und'ue or frictional resistance against the walls, and one which owing to its construction and manufacture is adapted to more readily and automatically adjust itself as the contact surfaces become worn.

This I accomplish by providing the ring on each of its inner peripheral edges with a beveled surface, when it is to be secured in the retaining groove of a piston, to receive the hammer blows or indentations to secure the requisite tension to cause the ring to expand; and whenit is to be secured in the retaining groove of an engine cylinder by providing tie ring on each of its outer peripheral edges with a similar beveled surface, to receive the hammer blows or indentations, to secure the requisite tension to cause the ring to contract.

Providing rings as above described, with beveled inner or outer peripheral edges, enables the sharp corners in the retaining grooves which receive the rings to be dispensed with and a fillet can be provided instead, which simplifies and cheapens the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 15, 191%.

Serial at. 237,048.

construction of the grooves and strengthens the structures containing said grooves.

The construction of my ring will permit the hammering thereof by equal blows with variation of spacing; or unequal blows with equal spacing; or by a single blow delivered on one edge; or by a. single blow delivered simultaneously on both edges.

I am aware that the flat edges of rings are being hammered, and in many cases in rings so hammered the tension imparted thereto, is in a great measure again destroyed, and the hammer strains so imparted to the rings in many cases are again released and the uniformity of the outside of the rings greatly impaired by the necessary subsequent grinding of the fiat edges of the rings.

By delivering the hammer blows on the beveled surfaces of the ring, the uniformity of the ring is largely maintained, thereby avoiding subsequent operations and reducing the amount of metal to be removed to a minimum, thereby resulting in maintaining the maximum degree of tension originally imparted to the ring.

It quite frequently happens that the manufacture of rings by the inside and outside hammering method results in a breakage approximating 40% of the total number made.

This apparently is the result of. and due to the spreading of the metal and weakening or fracturing the same at the point of blow. Broken rings so hammered do not show evidence of being defective in the casting. and consequently, it is safe to assume that the breakage is due to the spreading of the metal and weakening or fracturing of the same at the point of the blow.

By my improved construction and method I am enabled to simultaneously deliver the hammer blows or indentations against the beveled edges of the ring, which instead of spreading and fracturing the metal. crowds the same toward the center of the ring, (see Fig. 8 of the drawing,) thereby homogeneously crowding or uniting the particles of metal together and imparting thereto the maximum degree of tension.

WVith these ends in view, my invention consists in certain novelties of construction, as hereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the claims. Vhile the preferred form of my eral edges of the ring in this case being proinvention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, yet it is to be understood that minor changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. a

In the drawings,

Figure 1 represents a plan view of my improved hammered packing ring.

Fig. 2 represents an edge view of the same.

Fig. 3 represents a sectional view taken along the line w00 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Fig.4 represents a fragmentary sectional view of a piston, showing a section of a packing ring mounted in the retaining groove of the piston.

Figs. 5 and 6 represent cross-sections of a slightly modified form of my improved.

packing ring.

Fig. 7 represents a fragmentary sectional view of an engine cylinder, showing a section of a packing ring mounted in the retaining groove thereof, the exterior periphvided with the hammered beveled surfaces as distinguished from the interior peripheral edges, and

Fig. 8 represents a cross-sectional view of a portion of the ring.

Similar numerals of reference refer to like parts throughout the specification and drawings.

In the drawings, 1 represents a packing ring, preferably composed of compartively soft, smooth wearing metal, such as cast iron of proper quality, although any other suitable material may be employed, if desired. The ends of the ring preferably overlap as shown, being cut longitudinally of the packing ring 1 as at 2, and transversely as at 3 to form a scarfed joint, although square, tapered or other forms of juncture may be used. The ring is further provided with beveled surfaces 4-4, formed on the inner peripheral edges of the ring. Where the ring is to be secured in the retaining groove of a piston, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, these beveled surfaces 4 are preferably formed on each of the inner peripheral edges of the ring, and if the same is to be secured in the retaining groove of an engine cylinder as clearly indicated in Fig. 7 of the drawings, these beveled surfaces are provided on the outer peripheral edges of the ring in order that the hammer blows may be delivered thereupon in order to impart to the ring the desired tension required. As previously stated, the provision of the beveled faces 0r surfaces enables the hammer blows delivered thereupon to crowd the metal in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 8 of the drawings, namely toward the center of the ring, thereby homogeneously crowding or uniting the particles of metal together, and imparting thereto the maximum degree of metal which results in a large percentage of tension, as distinguished from delivering the blows upon the inner curved surface of the ring, which experience has demonstrated, spreads, and in many cases, fractures:- the breakage during the manufacture. The hammer blows or indentations 5 may be imparted or delivered to the beveled surfaces 44 of the ring, in the manner which is well-known in the art. The inner curved surface 6 and the angular surfaces 7 7 of the modified forms illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings, also. lend themselves admirably for crowding the metal to the center of the ring. By providing the ring with the beveled inner surfaces the construction of the retaining grooves in the'partswhich receive the ring, can be' changed so as to avoid the-usual sharp corners, and roundedv corners or fillets 8 may be "substituted therefor, which simplifies and cheapens the construction of the grooves, and strengthens the same. In some cases, I have found it advantageous to force a groove 99 into the beveled faces 44 of the ring 1 as clearly indicated in the dotted lines in Fig. f the drawings. The maximum length of this groove should not be over degrees and extends preferably as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, in which the groove is shown, and the length thereof is indicated by the dotted line marked 1010, and which extends 45 degrees from the center of the ring, in each direction. The advantage of the groove 9 located as illustrated in the drawings above described, in addition to the hammer blows delivered upon the beveled peripheral edge of the ring as clearly indicated in Fig. 8 of the drawings, serves to provide a uniform flow of the metal in the direction indicated 05 ranged in very close proximity to the edge of the ring where the inner curved surface and the beveled surfaces meet.

Having thus described my invention, I

what I claim is 1. A packing ring consisting of a split 11 ring, the inner peripheral edges of which are formed with a beveled surface said beveled surface having a series of dents or indentations.

2. A packing ring consisting of a split 0 ring, the peripheral edges of which are formed w th a beveled surface, said beveled surface havlng a series of dents or indentations.

3. A packing ring consisting of a split ring, the inner peripheral edges of which are beveled, said edges provided with dents or indentations, and having a groove formed in each beveled. edge.

4. A packing ring consisting of a split ring, the inner peripheral edges of which This specification signed and witnessed are beveled, said edges provided with dents this 27th day of May,,1918.

.or indentations, and having a groove formed in each beveled edge, and the inner curved HERMAN KISTNER' surface near its meeting edge with the bev- Witnesses: 'eled surface provided with a single line of FREDK. C. F ISOHER,

dents or indentations. FRED L, FLoHM, J R. 

